The Black Death, a devastating pandemic, swept through Europe from 1347 to 1351, causing widespread death and social upheaval.
The Black Death was a deadly pandemic caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. It spread primarily through fleas that infested rats, transmitting the disease to humans. The pandemic began in 1347 when ships from the Black Sea arrived in Sicily, carrying infected rats.
From there, the disease rapidly spread across Europe, claiming millions of lives. Symptoms included fever, swollen lymph nodes, and dark patches on the skin, giving the disease its name. The high mortality rates led to social, economic, and cultural disruptions, altering the course of European history. The Black Death had profound effects on population dynamics, labor markets, and religious beliefs during the 14th century.